DIAGNOSTIC TECHNOLOGIES

Abstract

Diagnostics, as a branch of clinical and veterinary medicine, focuses on the identification, treatment, and prevention of diseases through the examination of the body. It encompasses several core areas: the methodology of collecting patient history and examining physical complaints, the study of symptoms (semiotics), and the doctor's diagnostic reasoning. Diagnostic methods include subjective patient interviews (anamnesis), objective examination techniques (e.g., palpation, percussion, auscultation), as well as specialized diagnostic tools for assessing sensory organs, nerve activity, temperature, and heart and vascular functions. Modern technologies such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and radioactive isotopes have expanded the diagnostic toolkit. Laboratory tests involving blood, urine, and other bodily materials are essential for identifying underlying conditions, while bacteriological, immunological, and serological methods aid in disease detection. Veterinary diagnostics similarly involve both general and specific examinations of animals, focusing on clinical and laboratory analyses of bodily fluids, tissues, and organs. This comprehensive approach, combined with advancements in telemedicine, enhances diagnostic accuracy and treatment outcomes for both humans and animals.