BOLALARDA NORMAL MIKROFLORA RIVOJLANISHI VA AHAMIYATI. MEKONIY UNING TARKIBI VA AJRALISHI
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Keywords

normal mikroflora, mikrobiota, chaqaloq, ichak bakteriyalari, mekoniy, immunitet, neonatologiya, disbioz, probiotiklar

Abstract

Bolalarda normal mikrofloraning shakllanishi organizmning rivojlanishi, immun tizimining yetilishi, moddalar almashinuvi va yuqumli kasalliklarga qarshi himoya mexanizmlarining shakllanishida muhim biologik jarayon hisoblanadi. Inson organizmida yashovchi mikroorganizmlar majmuasi mikrobiota deb atalib, ular inson salomatligini ta’minlashda muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Ayniqsa, chaqaloqlik davrida ichak mikroflorasining shakllanishi keyingi hayot davomida bolaning fiziologik holatiga bevosita ta’sir ko‘rsatadi. Yangi tug‘ilgan chaqaloqlarda normal mikrofloraning rivojlanishi tug‘ilish usuli, onaning mikrobiologik holati, oziqlantirish turi, tashqi muhit ta’siri va dori vositalaridan foydalanishga bog‘liq holda amalga oshadi. Ona suti tarkibidagi biologik faol moddalar, xususan, oligosaxaridlar va foydali mikroorganizmlar ichakdagi foydali bakteriyalarning ko‘payishini rag‘batlantiradi. Mekoniy — yangi tug‘ilgan chaqaloqning birinchi najasi bo‘lib, homila hayoti davomida ichakda to‘plangan moddalar majmuasidan tashkil topadi. Uning tarkibida suv, shilliq, ichak epiteliysi hujayralari, safro pigmentlari va metabolik mahsulotlar mavjud. Mekoniyning o‘z vaqtida ajralishi chaqaloq organizmining tashqi muhitga moslashuv jarayonining muhim ko‘rsatkichidir. Mazkur maqolada bolalarda normal mikroflora rivojlanish bosqichlari, uning fiziologik ahamiyati, mekoniy tarkibi va ajralish jarayonlari zamonaviy ilmiy ma’lumotlar asosida tahlil qilinadi.

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