Vol. 3 No. 8 (2025), Articles
Vol. 3 No. 8 (2025)

FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY AND IMAGING TECHNIQUES IN LIVE CELL BIOPHYSICS

Articles
Published 2025-12-17
O’ktamov Abbosjon
Toshkent davlat tibbiyot universiteti
Abdullayeva Sevinch
Toshkent davlat tibbiyot universiteti
Egamnazorov Xasan
Toshkent davlat tibbiyot universiteti
Xolmetov Shavkat Sherimatovich
Toshkent davlat tibbiyot universiteti, biotibbiyot muxandisligi, informatika va biofizika kafedrasi assistenti
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Keywords

fluorescence spectroscopy; live cell imaging; FLIM; FRET; super resolution microscopy; biophysics; biosensors

Abstract

Fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging techniques have become foundational tools in live‑cell biophysics, enabling real‑time visualization and quantification of molecular processes with high spatial and temporal resolution. Drawing on innovations in fluorescent probes, advanced microscopy platforms, and powerful analytical approaches, researchers can now monitor protein–protein interactions, enzymatic activity, ion dynamics, membrane organization, and conformational changes in living cells. Critical methods include fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET), fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), and live‑cell super‑resolution imaging, each offering distinct biophysical insights into cellular function. Integration of these methods with biosensors, machine learning‑enhanced image analysis, and multimodal imaging is expanding the frontier of live‑cell biophysics. This article reviews the principles, instrumentation, applications, challenges, and future directions of fluorescence‑based live‑cell techniques, emphasizing their role in elucidating dynamic processes at the molecular and cellular scales.

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