Vol. 3 No. 7 (2025), Articles
Vol. 3 No. 7 (2025)

VINILXLORID MONOMERINING KATALITIK SINTEZIDA KATALIZATORLARNING RIVOJLANISH TARIXI VA AHAMIYATI

Articles
Published 2025-12-12
Sa’dullayev Shohrud Mexriddin o‘g‘li
Navoiy davlat konchilik va texnologiyalar universiteti, “Kimyoviy texnologiya” kafedrasi doktoranti
Qarshiyev Bekzod Farxod o‘g‘li
Navoiy davlat konchilik va texnologiyalar universiteti, “Kimyoviy texnologiya” kafedrasi magistri
Davronov Fayzijon Qodir o‘g‘li
Navoiy davlat konchilik va texnologiyalar universiteti, “Kimyoviy texnologiya” kafedrasi talabasi
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Keywords

Vinilxlorid monomer (VXM), polivinilxlorid (PVX), HgCl₂ katalizatori, oltin nanokatalizatorlari, yagona-atom katalizatorlar, metall-organik karkaslar (MOK), ekologik xavfsizlik.

Abstract

Vinilxlorid monomerining katalitik sintezida katalizatorlarning rivojlanish tarixi kimyo sanoati rivojida muhim o‘rin tutadi. 1912-yilda F. Klatte PVX polimerini kashf etishi natijasida vinilxloridning sanoat ahamiyati aniqlandi. 1930-yillarda atsetilen va xlorid vodorod asosida HgCl₂ni aktivlangan ko‘mirga yutqizilgan katalizatoridan foydalanib vinilxlorid monomeri ishlab chiqarish yo‘lga qo‘yildi. Ushbu texnologiya yuqori samaradorlikka ega bo‘lsada, simobning toksikligi va ekologik xavfi jiddiy muammo bo‘lib qoldi. 1970–1990-yillarda ushbu muammolarni hal etish maqsadida oltin, palladiy, ruteniy kabi metall asosidagi simobsiz katalizatorlar ustida tadqiqotlar olib borildi.

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