Keywords
Abstract
Ushbu maqolada iqlim o‘zgarishining Yer biosferasiga ko‘rsatayotgan hozirgi va kutilayotgan ta’siri ilmiy asosda tahlil qilinadi. So‘nggi ilmiy manbalarga (IPCC AR6, IPBES, WWF Living Planet Report 2024, Nature, Science jurnallari) tayanib, global isishning biologik xilma-xillik, fenologik jarayonlar, ekotizimlarning geografik siljishi, okean biosferasi, uglerod aylanishi va invaziv turlar tarqalishiga ta’siri aniq raqamlar va modellashtirish natijalari bilan yoritiladi. Tadqiqot shuni ko‘rsatadiki, 2025 yil holatiga ko‘ra biosferada qaytarilmas o‘zgarishlar (Amazon o‘rmonining uglerod manbaiga aylanishi, mercan riflarining 70–90 % yo‘qolishi, permafrost erishi) allaqachon boshlangan bo‘lib, 1,5 °C maqsadiga erishilgan taqdirda ham ko‘plab turlar va ekotizimlar yo‘qoladi. 2 °C va undan yuqori stsenariylar esa global miqyosda “tipping point”larni faollashtirib, biosferaning jiddiy qisqarishiga olib keladi. O‘zbekiston kontekstida ham mahalliy ekotizimlarning sezilarli darajada zararlanayotgani qayd etiladi. Maqola 2050 yilgacha net-zero emissiya va tabiatni 30–50 % qayta tiklash zarurligini ta’kidlaydi.
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