Abstract
The main functions of the unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta are to supply blood to the internal organs such as the stomach, liver, duodenum, pancreas, jejunum, ileum, and colon. The abdominal aorta is divided into numerous branches, ensuring adequate blood circulation to these organs. In this process, the significance of Haller’s arch is considerable. It regulates the osmotic pressure of the human body and maintains the physiological processes occurring within it.
References
1. Gray’s Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice – a classical source of anatomy, describing the abdominal aorta and its branches in detail.
2. Moore, Dalley, Agur – Clinically Oriented Anatomy – clinically significant anatomy.
3. Netter’s Atlas of Human Anatomy – anatomical atlas with precise illustrations of the celiac trunk and other arteries.
4. Snell’s Clinical Anatomy – connecting anatomy with clinical practice.
1. Scientific articles and studies
5. Haller A. Icones anatomicae (1756) – the original description of Haller’s arch.
6. Tandler J. (1904) – classical work on the celiac trunk and its variations.
7. Standring S. et al. – articles and research (Journal of Anatomy, Clinical Anatomy, etc.).
8. Modern vascular surgery and radiology reviews – on celiac trunk compression syndrome, SMA syndrome, and other clinical conditions.
2. Electronic resources
9. PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) – latest scientific articles on the branches of the abdominal aorta and their diseases.
10. ScienceDirect, Springer, Elsevier – atlases and clinical anatomy references.