Keywords
Abstract
The cardiovascular system, a vital network for nutrient and gas exchange, operates under the precise and dynamic control of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This review explores the intricate interplay between sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the ANS and their profound influence on cardiovascular homeostasis. We delve into the mechanisms by which the ANS regulates heart rate, contractility, vascular tone, and blood pressure, highlighting key receptors and signaling pathways. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of dysregulation in various pathophysiological states, including hypertension, heart failure, and autonomic neuropathies. Understanding these complex interactions is crucial for developing targeted therapeutic strategies to maintain cardiovascular health.
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