INDIVIDUALIZED SELECTION OF DENTAL MATERIALS IN PATIENTS WITH ALLERGIC DERMATOSES: CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES

Abstract

The selection of dental materials is an important component of safe and effective dental treatment, particularly in patients with allergic dermatoses. The increasing application of resin composites, acrylic polymers, adhesive systems, orthodontic materials and digitally fabricated dental devices has created new challenges related to material biocompatibility and individual patient sensitivity. Although allergic reactions to dental materials are relatively uncommon, patients with a previous history of allergic skin disease require careful assessment before restorative or prosthetic procedures. The main clinically relevant substances include acrylates, methacrylates, residual monomers, photoinitiators and certain additives used in resin-based materials. In susceptible individuals, these substances may induce delayed hypersensitivity reactions and contribute to oral mucosal inflammation, cheilitis, perioral dermatitis or exacerbation of existing dermatological symptoms. However, allergic dermatosis itself should not be considered an absolute contraindication to synthetic dental materials. A rational approach should involve detailed medical history, identification of previous sensitization, appropriate selection of dental materials, adequate polymerization and strict control of contact with uncured substances. The present article discusses the principles of individualized material selection and preventive strategies for dental treatment in patients with allergic dermatoses.