DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ACUTE APPENDICITIS OF ATYPIC FORMS

Abstract

A typical form of acute appendicitis is one of the surgical pathologies, the clinical manifestations of which differ from the classical one, the diagnosis of which is complex. In this case, the localization of the pain is altered and most often manifests outside the right iliac region (bel, subcostal, pelvic area, or left abdomen). According to statistics, approximately 20-30% of cases of acute appendicitis have an atypical course, which increases the risk of late diagnosis and complications (perforation, peritonitis) by 1.5-2 times. Diagnostic criteria are based on clinical, laboratory, and instrumental studies. Clinically indistinct pain syndrome, dyspeptic symptoms, and subfebrile temperature are observed. Laboratory indicators reveal leukocytosis (10-14×109/l) and an increase in the proportion of neutrophils. In instrumental diagnostics, ultrasound examination (USG) provides 80-85% accuracy, while computed tomography has 90-95% sensitivity.  Therefore, it is important to combine a comprehensive approach - anamnesis, physical examination, and modern visual methods. Early and correct diagnosis increases the effectiveness of surgical intervention and reduces the frequency of complications.