Abstract
This paper explores the growing phenomenon of climate refugees as a direct consequence of escalating ecological crises. From rising sea levels and prolonged droughts to extreme weather events, environmental degradation is displacing millions globally. The study investigates the legal, political, and humanitarian challenges surrounding climate-induced migration and emphasizes the urgent need for international recognition, protection mechanisms, and coordinated global responses to address the rights and status of climate-displaced individuals.
References
1. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). (2023). Sixth Assessment Report: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability.
2. Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC). (2022). Global Report on Internal Displacement.
3. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR). (2021). Climate Change and Statelessness.
4. Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration (2018).
5. Platform on Disaster Displacement (PDD). (2020). Strategic Framework and Workplan.
6. Biermann, F., & Boas, I. (2010). Preparing for a Warmer World: Towards a Global Governance System to Protect Climate Refugees. Global Environmental Politics, 10(1), 60–88.
7. McAdam, J. (2012). Climate Change, Forced Migration, and International Law. Oxford University Press.
8. Betts, A. (2013). Survival Migration: Failed Governance and the Crisis of Displacement. Cornell University Press.
9. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). (2021). Climate Change and Human Mobility.
10. Government of Fiji. (2018). Planned Relocation Guidelines: A Framework to Undertake Climate Relocation.