Keywords
Abstract
Burun klapani disfunksiyasi (BKD) yuqori nafas yo‘llari qarshiligining muhim anatomik-funksional sabablaridan biri bo‘lib, ichki yoki tashqi burun klapanining statik torayishi, inspirator kollapsi yoki ushbu mexanizmlarning kombinatsiyasi bilan namoyon bo‘ladi. Mazkur sharh-maqolaning maqsadi burun klapanining klinik anatomiyasi, BKD diagnostikasining zamonaviy tamoyillari hamda konservativ, kam invaziv va rekonstruktiv davolash usullarini tizimlashtirishdan iborat. Adabiyotlar tahlili shuni ko‘rsatadiki, tashxis, avvalo, anamnez va fizik ko‘rikka asoslanadi; Cottle va modifikatsiyalangan Cottle sinamalari yordamchi ahamiyatga ega, endoskopiya esa qo‘shimcha obstruktiv omillarni aniqlashda foydalidir. Rinomanometriya, akustik rinometriya va peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) ayrim holatlarda funksional baholashni to‘ldiradi. Davolashni tanlashda disfunksiyaning statik yoki dinamik turi, zararlangan zona va pastki burun chig‘anog‘i patologiyasi hisobga olinadi. Spreader tog‘ay transplantati (spreader graft), burun qanoti tog‘ay transplantati (alar batten graft), kapalak-simon tog‘ay transplantati (butterfly graft), chok (suture) usullari, lateral devorni barqarorlashtiruvchi implantlar va harorat nazoratli radiochastota kabi yondashuvlar mos tanlangan bemorlarda simptomlarni kamaytirishi mumkin. Xulosa qilib, BKDni samarali davolash uchun “bir usul hamma uchun” yondashuvidan ko‘ra, anatomik mexanizmga yo‘naltirilgan individual taktika maqsadga muvofiqdir (3, 5, 8).
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