Keywords
Abstract
Temir tanqisligi anemiyasi reproduktiv yoshdagi ayollarda uchraydigan eng muhim gematologik muammolardan biri bo‘lib, uning rivojlanishida ko‘p hayz ketishi, ya’ni og‘ir menstrual qon ketish, yetakchi etiologik omillardan biri hisoblanadi. Menstrual qon yo‘qotishning uzoq muddat davom etishi organizmdagi temir zaxiralarining bosqichma-bosqich kamayishiga, dastlab yashirin temir tanqisligi, keyinchalik esa gemoglobin sintezining buzilishi bilan kechuvchi anemiyaga olib keladi. Mazkur holat ayollarda holsizlik, tez charchash, bosh aylanishi, ish qobiliyatining pasayishi, diqqat va kognitiv faoliyatning susayishi kabi klinik belgilar bilan namoyon bo‘lishi mumkin. Og‘ir holatlarda to‘qimalarning gipoksiyasi yurak-qon tomir tizimiga qo‘shimcha yuklama hosil qiladi.
Maqolaning maqsadi ayollarda ko‘p hayz ketishi bilan bog‘liq temir tanqisligi anemiyasining etiopatogenezi, klinik kechishi, zamonaviy diagnostik mezonlari va davolash yondashuvlarini tahlil qilishdan iborat. Tadqiqot doirasida umumiy qon tahlili, eritrotsit indekslari, zardob ferritini va temir almashinuvi ko‘rsatkichlarining diagnostik ahamiyati, shuningdek, bachadondagi strukturaviy o‘zgarishlar, ovulyator disfunksiya va gemostaz buzilishlarini aniqlash masalalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ko‘p hayz ketish sabablarini aniqlashda FIGO tomonidan tavsiya etilgan PALM–COEIN tasnifi klinik yondashuvni tizimlashtirishga imkon beradi.
Zamonaviy davolash strategiyasi faqat temir preparatlarini buyurish bilan cheklanmasdan, qon ketish sababini bartaraf etish va qayta qon yo‘qotilishining oldini olishni ham nazarda tutadi. Temir preparatlari bilan substitutsion terapiya og‘ir hayz ketishi natijasidagi anemiyani korreksiya qilishning asosiy yo‘nalishlaridan biridir. Shu bilan birga, klinik vaziyatga qarab traneksam kislotasi, gormonal terapiya yoki levonorgestrel ajratuvchi bachadon ichi tizimidan foydalanish masalasi ko‘rib chiqilishi mumkin.
Ko‘p hayz ketishi va temir tanqisligi anemiyasi o‘zaro bog‘liq patologik jarayonlar bo‘lib, ularni erta aniqlash, etiologik sababni aniqlash va individual davolash strategiyasini tanlash ayollarning hayot sifati, mehnat qobiliyati hamda reproduktiv salomatligini saqlashda muhim ahamiyatga ega.
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