Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive analysis of optimization theory, one of the important areas of applied mathematics, its mathematical foundations, and its application in economic systems. The study examines the characteristics of linear and nonlinear optimization models, methods for solving them, and their impact on economic efficiency. In addition, the possibilities of optimal resource utilization are demonstrated using mathematical models adapted to real economic processes. The results show that optimization methods are an important tool in improving the decision-making process.
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