Keywords
Abstract
Between 2015 and 2024, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows to Russia have experienced profound transformations driven by macroeconomic adjustments, geopolitical shocks, and global commodity cycles. Using data from UNCTAD’s World Investment Reports (2018–2025) and the Bank of Russia, this paper explores FDI trends, sectoral allocation, and the influence of economic growth factors on investment dynamics.
The results show that prior to 2022, Russia’s FDI was dominated by Western capital, while the post-2022 environment has been marked by a significant shift toward Asia, the Middle East, and the Global South. The research highlights structural dependence on resource extraction, a decline in greenfield investments, and a growing reliance on joint ventures as a risk-mitigation strategy.
References
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2. International Monetary Fund (IMF). (2020). World Economic Outlook: Global Manufacturing Downturn, Rising Trade Barriers.
3. UNCTAD. (2022–2025). World Investment Report. United Nations Conference on Trade and Development.
4. World Bank. (2023). Global Economic Prospects: Slow Growth, High Uncertainty.
5. Bank of Russia. (2023). Direct Investments by Type of Economic Activity (08-dir_inv.xlsx).