Keywords
Abstract
Digital tools have changed the way students translate texts. English language learners now use online dictionaries, machine translation, artificial intelligence, corpora, and translation software in their studies. However, many students use these tools without understanding their limitations, risks, or ethical issues. This paper presents a framework for developing digital translation competence in higher education. The framework combines language ability, translation skills, digital literacy, critical use of machine translation, ethical awareness, and reflective learning. It also suggests how these skills can be included in the curriculum and assessed through practical tasks.
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