VITAMIN NUTRITION DURING PREGNANCY
PDF

Keywords

Pregnancy, vitamin nutrition, folic acid, vitamin D, prenatal health, fetal development, supplementation, maternal care.

Abstract

This article discusses the importance of adequate vitamin intake during pregnancy and its critical role in ensuring maternal health, fetal growth, and the prevention of developmental disorders. Vitamins such as folic acid, vitamin D, vitamin A, iron, and calcium play key roles in supporting healthy organ formation, bone development, and immune system function. Deficiency of essential vitamins during pregnancy can lead to serious complications, including anemia, neural tube defects, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Proper prenatal nutrition, supplementation when necessary, and dietary education are essential for reducing the risks associated with vitamin deficiency and ensuring a healthy pregnancy outcome.

PDF

References

1. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Nutrition During Pregnancy. ACOG Practice Bulletin, 2022.

2. Institute of Medicine. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Iron, and Calcium. National Academies Press, 2011.

3. World Health Organization. WHO Recommendations on Antenatal Care for a Positive Pregnancy Experience. WHO, 2016.

4. Black, R.E. Micronutrients in Pregnancy and Lactation. The Lancet, 2013; 382(9899): 452–477.

5. Gupta, P., & Sharma, S. Importance of Folic Acid Supplementation in Pregnancy. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2019; 69(4): 567–575.

6. Kovacs, C.S. Bone Metabolism and Vitamin D in Pregnancy. Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism, 2016; 14: 45–54.