Keywords
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are endogenous biological cycles that regulate sleep-wake patterns, hormonal secretion, metabolism, and behavior. Disruptions of circadian rhythms, caused by shift work, jet lag, or exposure to artificial light at night, are increasingly recognized as major contributors to chronic diseases. Misalignment between internal biological clocks and external environmental cues has been linked to obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, mood disorders, and even cancer. Recent advances in chronobiology have deepened our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythms, emphasizing the role of core clock genes and their regulatory pathways. This article explores the physiological functions of circadian rhythms, the health consequences of circadian disruption, and emerging strategies for chronotherapy and lifestyle modifications aimed at restoring circadian alignment.
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