Keywords
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a pathological condition that occurs as a result of an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species and the body’s antioxidant defense system. This article presents a review of the role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of chronic diseases. The main sources of reactive oxygen species, mechanisms of cellular damage, and the impact of oxidative stress on lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the involvement of oxidative stress in chronic non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, neurodegenerative disorders, and chronic inflammatory conditions. Modern diagnostic approaches for assessing oxidative stress markers and antioxidant status are described. The article also reviews current preventive and therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing oxidative stress, including lifestyle modification, antioxidant therapy, and dietary interventions. Understanding the mechanisms of oxidative stress is essential for improving early diagnosis, prevention, and management of chronic diseases, thereby enhancing patients’ quality of life and reducing disease-related complications.
References
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