Keywords
Abstract
1-tip qandli diabet (T1QD) bolalar va o‘smirlarda eng ko‘p uchraydigan autoimmun endokrin patologiya bo‘lib, insulin sekretsiyasining to‘liq yoki qisman yo‘qolishi bilan tavsiflanadi. Ushbu kasallik bolalarning metabolik gomeostazini sezilarli darajada buzadi va uzoq muddatli asoratlar rivojlanish xavfini oshiradi. T1QD davolashda insulin terapiyasi markaziy o‘rin tutadi, chunki u glikemiyani nazorat qilish, ketoasidoz va boshqa metabolik asoratlarning oldini olishga xizmat qiladi. So‘nggi yillarda insulin preparatlari va yetkazib berish texnologiyalari sezilarli rivojlangan bo‘lib, bolalar uchun individualizatsiyalangan terapiya imkoniyatlarini kengaytirdi.
Zamonaviy yondashuvlar orasida intensiv insulin rejimlari, bolus va bazal kombinatsiyasi, inzulin pompalarining qo‘llanilishi, glikemiyani uzluksiz monitoring qilish tizimlari, shuningdek, sensorlar va avtomatlashtirilgan “sun’iy pankreas” tizimlari kiritilgan. Ushbu yondashuvlar insulin dozasini individual parametrlar — yosh, vazn, ovqatlanish rejimi, jismoniy faollik va glikemik javobga mos ravishda sozlash imkonini beradi, bu esa hipoglikemiya va giperglikemiya xavfini kamaytiradi. Shu bilan birga, bolalarda psixologik va ijtimoiy jihatlarni hisobga olgan multidistsiplinar yondashuv insulin terapiyasining samaradorligini oshiradi va bemorlarning hayot sifatini yaxshilashga xizmat qiladi.
Ushbu maqola 1-tip qandli diabetli bolalarda insulin terapiyasining zamonaviy usullarini, ularning klinik afzalliklari va samaradorligini tahlil qiladi hamda individualizatsiyalash va texnologik yangiliklarning davolash strategiyalaridagi rolini ko‘rsatadi.
References
1. Chiang JL, Kirkman MS, Laffel LM, Peters AL. Type 1 diabetes through the life span: a position statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2014;37(7):2034–2054.
2. Nathan DM. Long-term complications of diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:1676–1685.
3. Hanas R, John G. Insulin therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Endocr Dev. 2010;18:103–119.
4. Danne T, Nimri R, Battelino T, et al. International consensus on use of continuous glucose monitoring. Diabetes Care. 2017;40:1631–1640.
5. Pickup JC, Sutton AJ. Severe hypoglycemia and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes: meta-analysis of multiple studies. BMJ. 2008;336:1116–1120.
6. Bolli GB, Fanelli CG, Toffolo G, et al. Insulin kinetics in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes. 1996;45:1860–1868.
7. Weiss R, Kaufman FR. Metabolic complications of pediatric diabetes. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2008;55:635–657.
8. Polonsky WH, Hessler D, Ruedy K, Beck RW. The impact of continuous glucose monitoring on diabetes management in children. Diabetes Care. 2011;34:2179–2185.
9. Daneman D. Type 1 diabetes. Lancet. 2006;367:847–858.
10. Adolfsson P, Aman J, Golem T, et al. Insulin pump therapy in children: clinical experience and outcomes. Pediatr Diabetes. 2005;6:45–51.
11. Karimov R. Pediatriya va bolalarda qandli diabetni davolash. Toshkent: Tashkent Medical Academy, 2019; 112–138.
12. Xolmatov A, Axmedov B. Bolalarda 1-tip qandli diabet va insulin terapiyasi. Samarqand: Samarqand Davlat Tibbiyot Universiteti Nashriyoti, 2020; 78–102.
13. Jahongirov S, To‘xtayev M. Bolalarda endokrin kasalliklar va zamonaviy davolash usullari. Toshkent: Fan va Texnologiya Nashriyoti, 2021; 55–89.
14. O‘zbekova N. Bolalarda insulin pompasi va glikemiyani monitoring qilish tizimlari: klinik tajribalar. Toshkent: Tibbiyot Ilmiy Tadqiqot Instituti, 2022; 34–67.