LANGUAGE POLICY IN THE ARAB WORLD: OFFICIAL LANGUAGE, DIALECTS, AND THEIR COMPETITION

Abstract

Language policy in the Arab world is a complex and dynamic issue shaped by historical, political, social, and cultural factors. While Arabic is recognized as the official language in most Arab countries, numerous regional dialects are widely spoken, often differing significantly from Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). The coexistence of MSA and local dialects creates a linguistic competition that affects education, media, government communication, and social interaction. This study examines the main aspects of language policy in the Arab world, including the role of Arabic as the official language, the influence of regional dialects, and the challenges arising from their competition. Strategies implemented by governments and educational institutions to manage linguistic diversity are also discussed. Understanding these dynamics is essential for policymakers, educators, and linguists to promote effective communication, preserve linguistic heritage, and address sociolinguistic tensions in the region.