Keywords
Abstract
Endometrioz reproduktiv yoshdagi ayollarda uchraydigan, surunkali kechuvchi, estrogenlarga bog‘liq va yallig‘lanish jarayonlari bilan tavsiflanadigan murakkab ginekologik kasalliklardan biridir. Kasallik bachadon bo‘shlig‘idan tashqarida endometriyga o‘xshash to‘qimalarning mavjudligi bilan kechib, ko‘pincha dismenoreya, surunkali tos og‘rig‘i, hayz vaqtida yoki undan tashqari og‘riqlar, disparuniya, diskeziya, dizuriya, hayz qon ketishining ko‘payishi hamda reproduktiv funksiyaning buzilishi bilan namoyon bo‘ladi. Jahon sog‘liqni saqlash tashkiloti ma’lumotlariga ko‘ra, endometrioz reproduktiv yoshdagi ayollarning taxminan 10 foiziga, ya’ni qariyb 190 million kishiga ta’sir qiladi. Kasallikning muhim muammolaridan biri simptomlarning o‘ziga xos emasligi va hayz davridagi kuchli og‘riqning uzoq vaqt davomida fiziologik holat sifatida qabul qilinishidir. Natijada tashxis qo‘yilishigacha bo‘lgan davr yillar bilan cho‘zilishi mumkin. Mazkur maqolada endometriozni erta aniqlashda uchraydigan klinik va instrumental muammolar, zamonaviy ultratovush tekshiruvi, magnit-rezonans tomografiyaning diagnostik imkoniyatlari, laparoskopiyaning o‘rni va laborator biomarkerlarning istiqbollari tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, kasallikni davolashda og‘riqni nazorat qilish, gormonal supressiv terapiya, progestagenlar, kombinatsiyalangan gormonal preparatlar, gonadotropin-rilizing gormon agonistlari va antagonistlari, shuningdek, tanlangan bemorlarda laparoskopik jarrohlik usullarining o‘rni yoritiladi. Zamonaviy yondashuvlarda davolash faqat kasallik bosqichiga emas, balki simptomlarning og‘irligi, bemorning yoshi, reproduktiv rejalari, tuxumdon rezervi, endometrioma yoki chuqur infiltrativ endometrioz mavjudligi hamda bemorning individual xohishlariga asoslanishi zarurligi ta’kidlanadi. Erta klinik shubha, maqsadli instrumental diagnostika va multidisiplinar yondashuv endometrioz bilan bog‘liq og‘riq, bepushtlik va hayot sifatining pasayishini kamaytirishning muhim shartlaridan hisoblanadi.
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