Abstract
Erkin radikallar hamda kislorodning reaktiv shakllari (KRSh) va azotning reaktiv shakllari (ARSh) aerob organizmlarda mitoxondrial nafas olish, fermentativ jarayonlar, immun tizimining himoya reaksiyalari hamda ekzogen ekologik stress omillari ta'sirining tabiiy mahsuloti sifatida doimiy ravishda hosil bo'lib turadi. Tashqi atom yoki molekulyar orbitallarida bir yoki bir nechta juftlashmagan elektronlar mavjudligi bilan xarakterlanuvchi ushbu moddalar qisqa biologik yarim yemirilish davriga va o'ta yuqori kimyoviy faollikka ega. Natijada, ular hujayraning hayotiy muhim makromolekulalari, jumladan lipidlar, oqsillar, uglevodlar va nuklein kislotalar bilan dinamik ravishda o'zaro ta'sirga kirishadi[1.2]. Fiziologik me'yoriy konsentratsiyalarda erkin radikallar hujayra ichidagi signal uzatish, genlar ekspressiyasi, tomirlar tonusini boshqarish va immun himoyasini muvofiqlashtiruvchi muhim homeostatik regulyatorlar vazifasini bajaradi. Biroq, ushbu prooksidantlarning haddan tashqari ko'p ishlab chiqarilishi, endogen antioksidant tizimlarning yetishmovchiligi yoki tugashi bilan birga kechganda, oksidativ stress holatiga olib keladi. Bu esa saraton, dermatit, katarakt, insult va astma kabi kasalliklarga olib keladi [3.4].
References
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